Jay Doubleyou: tinkering school
Where the language is the tool:
Jay Doubleyou: task-based learning
And where learning is self-guided:
Jay Doubleyou: the trivium method of critical thinking and creative problem solving
Let's have a look at 'heuristics':
A heuristic technique (/hjʊəˈrɪstɪk/; Ancient Greek: εὑρίσκω, "find" or "discover"), often called simply a heuristic, is any approach to problem solving or self-discovery that employs a practical method, not guaranteed to be optimal, perfect, or rational, but instead sufficient for reaching an immediate goal. Where finding an optimal solution is impossible or impractical, heuristic methods can be used to speed up the process of finding a satisfactory solution. Heuristics can be mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load of making a decision.[1]:94Examples that employ heuristics include using a rule of thumb, an educated guess, an intuitive judgment, a guesstimate, profiling, or common sense.
This might help:
(1) What Are Heuristics? - YouTube
Heuristics are definitely used when learning:
The Heuristic Method of Learning
Heuristic method
The Montessori Method: A Heuristic Approach to Learning - NAMC Montessori Teacher Training Blog
Another example:
Maximizing language learning by activating intuitive heuristics Dr. Ilknur Oded. - ppt download
Here's a more detailed look at how it works when learning a language:
Heuristics are definitely used when learning:
The Heuristic Method of Learning
Heuristic method
The Montessori Method: A Heuristic Approach to Learning - NAMC Montessori Teacher Training Blog
Another example:
Maximizing language learning by activating intuitive heuristics Dr. Ilknur Oded. - ppt download
Here's a more detailed look at how it works when learning a language:
Intuitive Heuristics
Heuristics refer to:
the process of self-discovery on the part of the learner
“a method of teaching allowing the students to learn by discovering things by
themselves and learning from their own experiences rather than by telling them
things”
Cambridge International Dictionary of English
How to create a rich linguistic environment in the classroom so that learners can activate their intuitive heuristics and discover the linguistic system by themselves?
Relationship to Language Awareness
1. Language awareness can be increased by attempting to discover the rules and patterns of the linguistic system
Intuitive Heuristics and Grammar
Language is systematic and rule-governed. The rule that teachers and learners are familiar with is grammar. Therefore, macro-strategy of activating intuitive heuristics related to the teaching of L2 grammar is necessary. Although experts still debate whether inductive methods is more preferable, experts (Chomsky, 1970:108; Sweet, 1899:128; Jesperson, 1904) agree that learner self-discovery is vital.
Sample 1: Deductive Grammar Teaching
1) Teacher starts with a rule from a grammar textbook.
Deductive Teaching and Intuitive Heuristics
In a usual deductive method of teaching grammar, the teacher presents learners with a set of grammatical rules, give explicit explanations of those rules, and then provide opportunities for learners to practice them. After enough practice, the learners are expected to use those rules in their speech and writing.The suitability of a deductive method of grammar teaching has been doubted by theoretical as well as applied linguists. Chomsky (1970) implies is that the linguistic system of any language is so complex that even theoretical linguists who spend their lives have not been able to satisfactorily describe, explain, and understand it. Therefore, it is too much to expect either the language teacher or the language learner to do so...
(PDF) English Instruction Issues Intuitive Heuristics - A summary | Dera Estuarso - Academia.edu
.
.
.
Heuristics refer to:
the process of self-discovery on the part of the learner
“a method of teaching allowing the students to learn by discovering things by
themselves and learning from their own experiences rather than by telling them
things”
Cambridge International Dictionary of English
Intuitive heuristics is one’s capacity to discover the linguistic system
Problem in Teaching & Learning
Problem in Teaching & Learning
How to create a rich linguistic environment in the classroom so that learners can activate their intuitive heuristics and discover the linguistic system by themselves?
Relationship to Language Awareness
1. Language awareness can be increased by attempting to discover the rules and patterns of the linguistic system
2.Intuitive heuristics can be enhanced by increasing language awareness.
Intuitive Heuristics and Grammar
Language is systematic and rule-governed. The rule that teachers and learners are familiar with is grammar. Therefore, macro-strategy of activating intuitive heuristics related to the teaching of L2 grammar is necessary. Although experts still debate whether inductive methods is more preferable, experts (Chomsky, 1970:108; Sweet, 1899:128; Jesperson, 1904) agree that learner self-discovery is vital.
To help learners discover powerful patterns underlying the linguistic system teachers can use
(1) grammaticization in which the learner is constantly engaged in “reanalysing data,reformulating
hypotheses, recasting generalizations, etc.” including making the connection between propositional content and syntactic forms within a communicative context and
hypotheses, recasting generalizations, etc.” including making the connection between propositional content and syntactic forms within a communicative context and
(2)grammaring which involves learners’ focusing more on
reasoning than on rules.
reasoning than on rules.
Grammar in Action
Sample 1: Deductive Grammar Teaching
1) Teacher starts with a rule from a grammar textbook.
2) Learners are asked to identify some samples of sentences in the target language and match the rules.
3) Learning is teacher centered, minimum interaction and negotiation.
4) Teacher’s enthusiasm to deal with the grammatical rule sacrifices an opportunity to create a linguistic environment necessary to activate the learners’ intuitive heuristics.
Sample 2. Inductive Grammar Teaching
1) Teacher starts with a picture.
4) Teacher’s enthusiasm to deal with the grammatical rule sacrifices an opportunity to create a linguistic environment necessary to activate the learners’ intuitive heuristics.
Sample 2. Inductive Grammar Teaching
1) Teacher starts with a picture.
2) Teacher asks learners to come up with possible sentences using what-if questions.
3) Teacher guides learners with more possibilities providing a word to construct different new sentences.
4) Learners produced many different sentences.
5) Teachers take students attention to the form of the sentences they produced and discuss the grammar rules of each sentence.
6) Teacher involves the learners in a meaningful conversational exchange.
Conclusion:
Because teacher in Sample 2 creates learning opportunities, promotes interaction in class, and fosters general language awareness, in spite of the explicitness, activation of the intuitive heuristics is successful.
Deductive Teaching and Intuitive Heuristics
In a usual deductive method of teaching grammar, the teacher presents learners with a set of grammatical rules, give explicit explanations of those rules, and then provide opportunities for learners to practice them. After enough practice, the learners are expected to use those rules in their speech and writing.The suitability of a deductive method of grammar teaching has been doubted by theoretical as well as applied linguists. Chomsky (1970) implies is that the linguistic system of any language is so complex that even theoretical linguists who spend their lives have not been able to satisfactorily describe, explain, and understand it. Therefore, it is too much to expect either the language teacher or the language learner to do so...
(PDF) English Instruction Issues Intuitive Heuristics - A summary | Dera Estuarso - Academia.edu
.
.
.
No comments:
Post a Comment